Every year on 16th September, the world observes the International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer, marking global commitment to protecting one of Earth’s most vital shields — the Ozone Layer.

The ozone layer acts as a protective blanket, absorbing harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation and ensuring the planet remains habitable. For UPSC aspirants, this day directly connects with GS Paper 3 (Environment and Climate Change) and GS Paper 1 (Geography – Atmosphere).

Theme for 2025: “Restoring the Ozone, Reviving the Planet”

The theme highlights the synergy between ozone recovery and climate action, reminding the world that environmental repair is possible through scientific collaboration and political will.

It celebrates how collective global action can restore balance — a lesson crucial for India’s sustainable development policies and international climate diplomacy.

Background

The day commemorates the signing of the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer in 1987, a landmark global treaty that successfully phased out many ozone-depleting substances (ODS) such as CFCs (Chlorofluorocarbons) and halons.

The Protocol remains one of the most successful environmental agreements in history, demonstrating that global environmental challenges can be tackled when nations act in unity.

Significance

🟢 Environmental Protection:
Reduction in ODS has led to gradual ozone recovery, particularly over the Antarctic region.

🟢 Human Health Benefits:
Protects life on Earth from UV-induced diseases such as skin cancer, cataracts, and ecosystem damage.

🟢 Climate Co-benefits:
ODS are also potent greenhouse gases; their reduction has mitigated global warming to a measurable extent.

India’s Role in Ozone Layer Protection

India has been an active participant in global ozone protection efforts through:

• Ratification of the Montreal Protocol (1992) and Kigali Amendment (2021).

• Implementation of the India Cooling Action Plan (ICAP) — first of its kind globally.

• Phasing out HCFCs and HFCs under the ODS Rules, 2000.

• National Ozone Unit under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC).

India’s actions align with the philosophy of “Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam” — the world is one family — ensuring ecological balance for all.

UPSC Relevance

• GS Paper 3: Environment, Conservation, Agreements, and Climate Change

• GS Paper 1: Geography – Structure of Atmosphere and Environmental Hazards

• Essay Paper: “Collective Action for Global Environmental Good”

💡 UPSC Mains Question Example:
“Discuss the significance of the Montreal Protocol in mitigating global environmental challenges.”

Conclusion

The International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer is a reminder of what the world can achieve through collective resolve, scientific innovation, and international cooperation.

As the ozone layer heals, it stands as a symbol of hope — proving that humanity has the power to reverse environmental damage when united by purpose.

In the words of the UN Secretary-General,
“Protecting the ozone layer is protecting life itself.”

📘 For UPSC Aspirants

Strengthen your Environment and Geography preparation with:
Aura IAS GS Paper 3 PYQs (2013–2025)
✔️ Topic-wise analysis of Environment, Climate Change, and Geography
✔️ Model Answers for Mains Practice

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